PAMPsは、Pathogen-associated molecular patternsの略で、DAMPsはDanger-associated molecular patternsもしくはDamage-associated molecular patternsの略です。
The involvement of damage (danger)-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs/alarmins) in the pathogenesis of these diseases has been recognized. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35326502/)
There is increasing evidence of a close link between inflammation and cancer, and at the core of inflammation there are both pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger (or damage)-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24100386/)
PubMedで検索すると、
“Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)”は、580件、
“Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)”は、179件ヒットしたので、damageの方が優勢のようです。
PAMPsは病原体特有の構造でヒトの免疫細胞が認識することにより、自然免疫系が発動します。PAMPsはどんな免疫学の教科書にも説明が載っています。それに対してDAMPsは比較的最近提唱された概念で、免疫学の教科書で見かけたことがありません。PAMPsが外来性の病原体由来であるのに対して、DAMPsは傷ついた細胞や壊死した細胞など「自分」由来の物質を指します。
By analogy with microbial “pathogen-associated molecular patterns” (PAMPs), we postulate that host-derived, oxidation-specific epitopes can be considered to represent “danger (or damage)-associated molecular patterns” (DAMPs). (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21252151/)
Damage (or danger)-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous molecules released after cellular damage or stress such as myocardial IRI. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33363540/)
DAMPs are a large number of related intracellular proteins or nucleic acids released by necrotic cells at the site of necrosis. （https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.856118/full）
参考論文
- PAMPs and DAMPs: signal 0s that spur autophagy and immunity 14 August 2012 Immunological Reviews