Protein Engineering for Nicotinamide Coenzyme Specificity in Oxidoreductases: Attempts and Challenges. Andrea M. Chánique1 and Loreto P. Parra Front Microbiol. 2018; 9: 194. Published online 2018 Feb 14. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00194Different structural motifs enable the union of the coenzyme and give the specificity for NAD or NADP. Usually, enzymes preferring NADP have larger pockets with positively charged or hydrogen bond donating residues that interact with the phosphate group of the adenine ribose (Pick et al., 2014). NAD preferring enzymes contain negatively charged amino acids that generate repulsion toward NADP and form hydrogen bonds to the 2′-OH and 3′-OH of the adenine ribose (Petschacher et al., 2014).
Better than Nature: Nicotinamide Biomimetics That Outperform Natural Coenzymes. J Am Chem Soc. 2016 Jan 27; 138(3): 1033–1039. Published online 2016 Jan 3. doi: 10.1021/jacs.5b12252 Oxidoreductases, for example, rely on the nicotinamide coenzymes to supply them with the redox equivalents required to sustain their catalytic cycles. Two forms of natural coenzymes exist: the phosphorylated (NADP+/NADPH) and nonphosphorylated (NAD+/NADH) forms (FigureFigure11A). Nicotinamide coenzymes essentially contain two structural motifs, the nicotinamide moiety conferring their electrochemical function (i.e., serving as an electron source or sink in the form of a hydride) and the adenosine dinucleotide moiety conferring the separation between anabolic and catabolic pathways. NADP is involved in anabolic redox processes, whereas NAD is mostly found in processes dealing with energy metabolism.
intubate 挿管する :To insert a tube into the trachea for ventilation 名詞:気管挿管(Intubation)
extubate 抜管する: To remove a tube from the trachea after artificial ventilation
Metabolomics of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies Cureus. 2022 Mar; 14(3): e23009. Published online 2022 Mar 9. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23009
Plasma metabolome analysis of patients with major depressive disorderPubMEDPsychiatry Clin Neurosci . 2018 May;72(5):349-361. doi: 10.1111/pcn.12638. Epub 2018 Mar 3. Phosphoethanolamine, Taurine, Aspartic acid, Tyrosine, Methionine, Asparagine, Glycerophosphocholine, Hypotaurine, ATP, ADP, Histidine, Lysine, ADMA, Phenylalanine, 2-Aminnoadipic acid.
Plasma metabolome analysis of patients with major depressive disorder Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 2018; 72: 349–361doi:10.1111/pcn.12638
“こころ”を理解する近道としての脳内物質への関心からその探求に挑む。 2014年に、ニワトリの視床下部漏斗部からNPGL(=Neurosecretory protein GL)と命名した小タンパク質をコードしている前駆体遺伝子を発見 『マウスにおいて、NPGLが食欲調節に関与する』、『ラットでは、NPGLが飢餓時や血中のインスリン濃度が低いときに発現が上昇し、高カロリー食下では過食と脂肪合成を促し肥満を引き起こす』