循環器系の発生

心臓の初期発生

1. Molecular Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Differentiation Sharon L. Paige, Karolina Plonowska, Adele Xu and Sean M. Wu Originally published16 Jan 2015https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.302752Circulation Research. 2015;116:341–353　

心筋分化とWNTシグナルのタイミング

1. World J Stem Cells. Aug 26, 2023; 15(8): 821-841 Published online Aug 26, 2023. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i8.821 Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor promotes mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into cardiac progenitor cells in vitro and improves cardiomyopathy in vivo Muneer R, Qazi REM, Fatima A, Ahmad W, Salim A, Dini L, Khan I. Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor promotes mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into cardiac progenitor cells in vitro and improves cardiomyopathy in vivo. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15(8): 821-841 [PMID: 37700819 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i8.821]　https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-0210/full/v15/i8/821.htm
2. Fu, Wb., Wang, W.E. & Zeng, Cy. Wnt signaling pathways in myocardial infarction and the therapeutic effects of Wnt pathway inhibitors. Acta Pharmacol Sin 40, 9–12 (2019). 　https://doi.org/10.1038/s41401-018-0060-4
3. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling during Cardiac Development and Repair　J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2014, 1(1), 98-110; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd1010098　https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/1/1/98
4. The Multiple Phases and Faces of Wnt Signaling During Cardiac Differentiation and Development Susanne Gessert and Michael Kühl Originally published23 Jul 2010　https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.221531　Circulation Research. 2010;107:186–199　
5. Eldad Tzahor, Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling and Cardiogenesis: Timing Does Matter, Developmental Cell, Volume 13, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 10-13, ISSN 1534-5807, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2007.06.006.　the Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays distinct, even opposing, roles during various stages of cardiac development.　WNTシグナルは、心筋分化において、働くタイミングに応じてポジティブにもネガティブにも働く
6. Biphasic role for Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cardiac specification in zebrafish and embryonic stem cells Shuichi Ueno, Gilbert Weidinger, Tomoaki Osugi, +5, and Charles E. Murry murry@u.washington.eduAuthors Info & Affiliations June 5, 2007 104 (23) 9685-9690 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702859104　Developmental studies indicate that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway negatively regulates cardiac differentiation, whereas studies with pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells suggest that this pathway promotes cardiogenesis. This apparent contradiction led us to hypothesize that Wnt/β-catenin signaling acts biphasically, either promoting or inhibiting cardiogenesis depending on timing. 　WNTシグナルは、心筋分化において、働くタイミングに応じてポジティブにもネガティブにも働く
7. Canonical Wnt signaling is a positive regulator of mammalian cardiac progenitors Chulan Kwon, Joshua Arnold, Edward C. Hsiao, +2, and Deepak Srivastava dsrivastava@gladstone.ucsf.eduAuthors Info & Affiliations Edited by Eric N. Olson, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, and approved May 21, 2007 June 26, 2007 104 (26) 10894-10899 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0704044104

心臓・血管の発生

勉強に役立つ文書。

1. ここまで知っておきたい発生学：発生・形態形成の基礎知識 Review 特集「日本小児循環器学会第14回教育セミナー」 　白石 公1,2 1 国立循環器病研究センター教育推進部 2 国立循環器病研究センター小児循環器科 発行日：2018年9月1日　心臓発生学を理解することは，先天性心疾患の形態診断，心疾患の病態把握，合併病変の予測，内科的治療方針の決定，外科手術手技の決定，長期予後の予測において大変重要である．本稿では，先天性心疾患の発症のメカニズムを理解するための胎生期の心臓形態形成のアウトラインについて解説する．　臨床医にとって基礎となる古典的な心臓形態形成の流れを中心に，図示してわかりやすく示す．

循環器系の発生：心臓や血管の形成、血球系細胞の分化

1. Embryology | Development of the Heart ❤️ (1:12:49) Ninja Nerd 2,880,000
2. Embryology | Development of Vascular System (1:05:21) Ninja Nerd
3. Interventricular septum development | Embryology made easy (6:42) Medical Snippet 31,200
4. Cardiac Development by L. McCabe OPENPediatrics 197,000 (:41)
5. Byte Size Med
   1. Development of the Heart | The Heart Tube | Part 1/3 | Cardiac Looping | Cardiovascular Embryology (11:47) embryonic foldingが重要。lateral foldingによって形成。
   2. Development of the Atria | Atrial Septum | Development of the Heart | Part 2/3 | Cardiac Embryology (10:37)
   3. Development of the Ventricles | Spiral Septum | Development of the Heart | Part 3/3 | Embryology (8:41)
6. Lecturio Medical Embryology Course (Peter Ward, PhD)(4無料動画)
   1. Development of Thoracic Region and Vasculature Early Development of the heart: Malformations & Overview (Youtube 9:27)
   2. Formation of the Right and Left Atria (9:45)
7. LIFE IN THE WOMB DR ROSE チャンネル登録者数 14万人
   1. DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEART TUBE IN A NUTSHELL

論文

1. Bjarke Jensen, Tobias Wang, Vincent M. Christoffels, Antoon F.M. Moorman, Evolution and development of the building plan of the vertebrate heart, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) – Molecular Cell Research, Volume 1833, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 783-794, ISSN 0167-4889, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.10.004. The heart of the earliest vertebrates, possibly represented by Amphioxus, was probably a contractile vessel where peristaltic movements provide the perfusion of the vasculature at low pressures.
2. Optimal morphometric factors responsible for enhanced gas exchange in fish gills https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.07744 魚のエラの構造がわかりやすい図が掲載されている