体軸形成、HOX遺伝子によるパターン形成

体軸の位置はHOX遺伝子群の組み合わせにより規定されます。

HOX遺伝子に関する講義動画

Hox Genes: From Mammalian Development to Human Genetic Syndromes （41：49）Somos Valdecilla チャンネル登録者数 1.45万人

Transcriptional Regulation and Implications for Controlling Hox Gene Expression Zainab Afzal and Robb Krumlauf　J Dev Biol. 2022 Mar; 10(1): 4. 2022 Jan 10. doi: 10.3390/jdb10010004 PMCID: PMC8788451 　　
Genesis. 2019 Jul-Aug; 57(7-8): e23296. Published online 2019 Apr 25. doi: 10.1002/dvg.23296 PMCID: PMC6767176 PMID: 31021058 What are the roles of retinoids, other morphogens, and Hox genes in setting up the vertebrate body axis? Antony J. Durstoncorresponding author 1　
Hox Genes in the Adult Skeleton: Novel Functions Beyond Embryonic Development　Dev Dyn. 2017 Apr; 246(4): 310–317. Published online 2017 Jan 27. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.24482 PMCID: PMC5508556 NIHMSID: NIHMS875514 PMID: 28026082

Hox Genes in the Adult Skeleton: Novel Functions Beyond Embryonic Development　Dev Dyn. 2017 Apr; 246(4): 310–317. Published online 2017 Jan 27. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.24482 PMCID: PMC5508556 NIHMSID: NIHMS875514 PMID: 28026082　Continued regional expression of Hox genes in adult tissues has been suggested by several independent studies, largely by the characterization of cells in culture.
HOX GENES: Seductive Science, Mysterious Mechanisms　Ulster Med J. 2006 Jan; 75(1): 23–31. PMCID: PMC1891803 PMID: 16457401 　They are expressed during embryonic development in a highly co-ordinated manner and continue to be expressed in virtually all tissues and organs throughout adult life.

What are the roles of retinoids, other morphogens, and Hox genes in setting up the vertebrate body axis?　Genesis. 2019 Jul-Aug; 57(7-8): e23296. Published online 2019 Apr 25. doi: 10.1002/dvg.23296 PMCID: PMC6767176 the core patterning mechanism is timing: BMP‐anti BMP mediated time space translation that regulates Hox temporal and spatial collinearities and Hox‐Hox auto‐ and cross‐ regulation. The known anterior–posterior morphogens and signaling pathways––retinoids, FGF’s, Cdx, Wnts, Gdf11 and others––interact with this core mechanism at and after space–time defined “decision points,” leading to the separation of distinct axial domains.